No 3 (2016)

New methods of joining the body units widely used in foreign automotive industry and having a number of technical advantages are not used at the Volzhsky automobile plant. Among the major reasons, usually, the application of expensive materials and equipment are named. In this regard, this paper presents the results of the aggregated estimation of a number of specific economic indicators that allow comparing the traditional and the advanced methods of joining. The authors compared the indices of labor intensity, efficiency, and capital investments per unit, as well as the production cost of one meter of joining when applying spot welding, carbon dioxide welding, flame brazing, laser welding, arc and laser brazing. The calculations were carried out separately for short and elongated joints. It is shown, that the methods of joining new for the domestic automotive industry are quite competitive economically in relation to the traditionally used methods. Taking into account technical indicators, the authors formulated the recommendations on the selection of a method of joining.

The current tendency to replace flame brazing can be explained by the high labor intensity and production cost of this method of joining. However, the replacement of flame brazing with welding in carbon dioxide is unequal, principally in terms of quality. Arc brazing is the most suitable method of body parts joining for short sections where the leak tightness, good appearance and the quality of the weld are required.

To get the elongated joinings, laser brazing is the advanced method ensuring the maximum performance and minimum production cost in comparison with all the methods of joining considered, and the specific capital investments are comparable to other methods considered.

The paper gives successively the semantic and structural characteristics of gate-formations of the Russian language on the material of “Dictionary of composites of Contemporary history” of N.V. Gabdreeva, M.T. Gurchiani and the card index of words with -gate element prepared by the author using the method of continuous sampling from All-Russia and regional newspapers, internet-sites, fiction for the period from the 70^th of the XX century to the present day. The card index contains 1246 examples: the author defines their denotative sphere; describes the occurring paradigmatic relations; proves the possibility of updating vocabulary of the analyzed dictionary with the gate-formations of sport and science spheres. The author offers her opinion on the necessity of fixation of synonymic rows of political scandals’ names in the dictionary articles: Irangate – contrasgate – Irancontrasgate; Monicagate – Lewinskigate – sexgate – zippergate; Cartergate – bookgate; Reagangate – briefinggate; makes the conclusions on the belonging of words with -gate final to different groups of composites according to the degree of assimilation and cohesion of the components in the Russian language (with first assimilated component and with first unassimilated component represented by transliterated and non-transliterated forms). The author defines the stage when the foreign-language -gate structural element attains the morpheme’s characteristics of the Russian language and illustrates with the examples the functioning of -gate component as some independent lexical unit, in the result of which it attains morphological indices of number and case. The study considers gate-models of composites with assimilated first component of two stages of opening (substantiation): first stage – a model of general view: “a noun + gate”; second stage – a “specified” model (with the account of class belonging) represented by two gate-models: “a proper noun + gate” and “an appellative + gate”.  

The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of external labour migration from neighboring countries, prospects and problems of its regulation in the Russian Federation. The author emphasizes the role of migration processes in the socio-economic and socio-political life of our country, their influence on the demographic situation as a labor replenishment source, the development of production, the labor market, as well as socio-economic characteristics of the living standards. There is no doubt that compensation for the loss of working-age population only by increasing productivity, economic restructuring and engaging economically inactive population (housewives, pensioners, and disabled) onto the labor market is not possible. In this regard, it becomes apparent that in the next decade Russia will have to use foreign labor force incrementally. As the statistical analysis shows, a high concentration of migrant workers, as a rule, does not exceed the unemployment rate among the local population, as they take jobs that are not popular among the locals, and even contributes to the improvement of social and status structure of employment in the country. As for the state policy in relation to foreign migrant workers, in accordance with the Conception of the long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation, till 2020 its priority areas are: attracting skilled foreign specialists, creation of civilized working conditions and life of migrants in Russia, and protection of their civil rights. Thus, it becomes clear that in market economy conditions along with negative demographic processes, external labor migration is becoming one of the most important strategic factors in the development of Russia’s human potential.

The paper analyses the phenomenon of social security. Various approaches to the understanding of this term, its content and definition are considered. The author reveals and specifies the most acute problems and dangers that reduce the level of social security of Russian citizens. Special aspects contributing to the understanding of differences between the “social safety” and “social security” terms are specified and described. Basing on the study of the sources, the author determined the psychological aspect of security level understanding by different individuals and made a conclusion about the interrelation of this aspect of understanding with definite social and economic conditions of development of the individual’s region of living. The paper considers the range of issues concerned with the different understandings of determination of social security level of citizens. The author’s suggestion on the manifestation of adequate state policy in the sphere of social benefits and protection implementation as the most important direction of work of a welfare state deserves attention. The author draws the attention to the necessity of carrying out the reforms not only in the social and legal relations but also in other socially important aspects of the life of a citizen.  

While carrying out the analysis of the material under the study, the author addresses the topic of inner comfort status of a person that is taken into account when determining social security in the result of social and spiritual and moral state policy aimed at the provision of normal conditions of human vital activity, his intellectual and professional fulfillment. Methods and sources used, the conclusions made and the paper’s structure and content prove the author’s innovative approach to the issues under discussion and his analytical thinking. 

The paper studies some aspects of the verb semantics from the aspect of a nontraditional approach to researching semantics of linguistic units within morphotopical analysis. The paper analyzes the action verbs, which have the meaning of action as the dominant one. Traditional interpretations of the verbal formative reveal the most common components of verbal semantics, in particular, inclusion of the information about the subject and object of the action into the semantics of the action verb. Morphotopical analysis of a verb reveals a number of features that make up the actional complex.

One of the most characteristic components of the actional complex can be considered an action feature, the presence or absence of which in the semantic structure of the verb enables to select a few semantic classes of action verbs.

The paper considers one of the action verbs class, which semantics does not contain actional feature or contains it only partially, as an intra-object. This class of verbs has been defined as non-object oriented verbs. The quantization procedure of verb semantics of the considered units has been performed on the basis of the morphotopical analysis followed by classification.

The analysis has finally revealed that the non-object oriented verbs form a group of action verbs that includes a few subgroups: non-object oriented verbs themselves; verbs of movement; the verbs that objectify a subject-oriented action (an acting subject acts as a partial object of influence); the verbs that objectify attitude of a subject to the other subject. The subgroup of non-object oriented verbs includes the largest number of units.