MIGRATION AND MIGRATION POLICY AS FACTORS OF LABOR MARKET’S DYNAMICS (THE CASE OF THE PEOPLE`S REPUBLIC OF CHINA)

Since government of the People`s Republic of China started to effectively implement economic reforms, regulation of inner migration processes (most notably between rural and urban areas) has become a pillar both of national economy modernization and Chinese social and economic study. Despite obvious differences of Russian and Chinese social-economic structures and mechanisms of corporate and government establishments functioning, the experience accumulated by the Chinese government in controlling migration flows, stimulating labor productivity, settlement of vast territories and solving relevant problems of population aging can be actively used in Russia.

The main merits of the national migration policy in China are its continuity, phasing and strategic orientation. The present article examines all four main stages of the national migration policy development: from the total ban of rural-to-urban labor migration to the introduction of a flexible system of national standards for the migration management.

In the context of the present-day demographic and economic conditions the People's Republic of China has to change priorities of national migration policy: from the strategy of limiting a quantitative growth of the labor supply to the search for factors of its qualitative progress. As demonstrated by the modern statistics of the country, China can no longer be called a state with unlimited labor reserves (especially in agriculture). This dramatically puts into the forefront the problem of efficient usage of country’s available labor force with regard to its aging in the medium and long term.

The present paper considers relevant features of the inner labor migration in China; it analyzes historical and modern forms of migration policy realization, conditions of its efficiency and opportunities of its implementation for modernization of Russia's migration and demography policy.