HISTORICAL ROLE OF TARIKAT IN DAGESTAN AND CHECHNYA


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Abstract

The article focuses on the issues of the historical importance of the treatise in 19th century in Dagestan and Chechnya. The author makes mentions that the treatise appeared and formed in Russia according to the West European theory of a life-style as the way to overcome "westernism" aimed at preserving traditions and and unique identity of Caucasuan peoples. To study modern history and today's condition of Islam religion in Dagestan the researchers should address the proplems of Sufism and Tarikat, as tarikat historically began its spreading in the Caucasus through the territory of Dagestan in accordance with the Great Silk Road. It had major consequences for Russia. When Dagestan became a part of the southern territory of Russia starting from 1813 under the agreement with Iran, there was an armed conflict that resulted in the Cacasian war that lasted many years.

There is no doubt that today as well as in the past, being the religion of people and truth, Islam aspires to preserve social and intercommunity connections, serves as an impulse for reformation activities with the help of Sufism and Tarikat, which strengthens its humanistic value.  Nowadays there is a sustainable tendency for revival of the treatise, which requires not only a scientific research, but also a corresponding analytic base. Taking into consideration the role and significance of Sufism in the spiritual life of Dagestan peoples, who address it in historical and social practice as well as in their everyday life, it is important to emphasize the enormous influence of this doctrine not only on religious and moral, but also on cultural and spiritual sides of the life of Dagestan Muslims.

Not only Dagestan scientists, but also many national and international researchers show interest in Sufism and Tarikat problems. However, the issue of the attitude of politics towards Tarikat in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods  remains insufficiently studied.

About the authors

Tatiana Evgenevna Voronina

Dagestan State University, Makhachkala

Author for correspondence.
Email: spasibo51@mail.ru

сandidate of philosophical sciences

Russian Federation

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