PECULIARITIES OF TERRITORIAL CLUSTERS FORMATION IN MODERN ECONOMICS

Clustering represents an organizational form of modernization of modern economy for the purpose of increase of its competitiveness and provides classification, certain approaches and principles of its formation.

The following points are considered in the article: a) definitions of a cluster and principles of its formation in relation to various scientific areas of economy as an association of various economic entities interconnected with each other by the development and ensuring implementation of joint projects on the terms of mutually beneficial partnership; b) legal bases, methodical recommendations on development of territorial clusters and their advantages in comparison with activity of separate economic entities; c) economic terms influencing the development of territorial clusters such as an existence of material and resource base, geographical and cultural advantages, suppliers of production factors, serving infrastructures, existence of demand for production or services, environmental conditions including the state support of the priority directions of social and economic development; d) main participants and types of territorial clusters.

The represented approaches, principles and classification of territorial economic clusters have allowed to give author's definition of a territorial cluster as an association of economic entities, including educational and research organizations, on the local small territory or within one or several subjects of the Russian Federation, or interstate scale, on the principles of functional dependence of the participants that provide synergetic effect from interaction by one or several types of economic activity.