Interrelation between the microstructure and impact toughness of the interface of welded joints of 32HGMA and 40HN2MA steels produced by rotary friction welding


Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

This paper covers the assessment of the influence of the morphological features of the microstructure of medium-carbon alloyed steels, formed at different forces in the process of rotary friction welding (RFW), on the impact toughness of their interface. The paper presents the results of an experimental study of a joint produced by welding tubular billets of 32HGMA and 40HN2MA steels with an outer diameter of 73 mm and a wall thickness of 9 mm with a change in force at the stage of friction (heating) of the billets. The studies of the microstructure, microhardness and impact toughness on samples with a V-notch of welded joints were carried out in the initial state after welding and after tempering at a temperature of 550 °C. Macro- and microfractographic analysis of the destroyed samples was carried out. The study shows that the friction force affects the kinetics of phase transformations, phase composition and microstructure homogeneity in the steel junction zone. With a decrease in this parameter of rotational friction welding, the microstructure heterogeneity associated with the occurrence of upper bainite areas with uneven precipitation of large carbide particles increases, which has a negative effect on the viscosity of the steel interface both in the initial state and after tempering; the fracture mechanism is quasi-cleavage. At higher values of the friction force, the density of high-angle boundaries and the dispersion of the bainite microstructure increase, which ensures higher viscosity and energy capacity of destruction with the formation of a pitted microrelief. The obtained results open up space for regulating the visco-plastic properties of welded joints even at the welding stage without subsequent recrystallisation of the weld zone.

About the authors

Elena Yu. Priymak

ZBO Drill Industries, Inc.;
Orenburg State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: e.prijmak@zbo.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4571-2410

PhD (Engineering), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Metal Science and Heat Treatment, Director of Research and Educational Center of New Materials and Advanced Technologies

Россия, 460026, Russia, Orenburg, Prospekt Pobedy, 118; 460018, Russia, Orenburg, Prospekt Pobedy, 13

Artem S. Atamashkin

Orenburg State University

Email: atamashkin2017@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3727-8738

PhD (Engineering), senior researcher of Research and Educational Center of New Materials and Advanced Technologies

Россия, 460018, Russia, Orenburg, Prospekt Pobedy, 13

Irina L. Yakovleva

M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Branch of RAS

Email: labmet@imp.uran.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8918-3066

Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), chief researcher of the Laboratory of Physical Metallurgy

Россия, 620108, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Sofya Kovalevskaya Street, 18

Andrey P. Fot

ZBO Drill Industries, Inc.

Email: andreas.voht@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2971-7908

Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor, Chief Scientific Secretary – Head of Department of Dissertation Councils

Россия, 460026, Russia, Orenburg, Prospekt Pobedy, 118

References

  1. Ovchinnikov D.V., Sofrygina O.A., Zhukova S.Y., Pyshmintsev I.Y., Bityukov S.M. Influence of microalloying with boron on the structure and properties of high-strength oil pipe. Steel in Translation, 2011, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 356–360. doi: 10.3103/S0967091211040188.
  2. Sofrygina O.A., Zhukova S.Y., Bityukov S.M., Pyshmintsev I.Y. Economical steels for the manufacture of high-strength oil pipe (according to the API Spec5CT standard). Steel in Translation, 2010, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 616–621. doi: 10.3103/S0967091210070041.
  3. Zaselskiy E.M., Tikhontseva N.T., Savchenko I.P., Sofrygina O.A. Development and implementation of materials in the production of high-strength drill pipes with special properties. Problemy chernoy metallurgii i materialovedeniya, 2021, no. 2, pp. 37–40. EDN: XBMMOL.
  4. Still J.R. Welding of AISI 4130 and 4140 steels for drilling systems. Welding Journal, 1997, vol. 76, no. 6, pp. 37–42.
  5. Khadeer Sk.A., Babu P.R., Kumar B.R., Kumar A.S. Evaluation of friction welded dissimilar pipe joints between AISI 4140 and ASTM A 106 Grade B steels used in deep exploration drilling. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2020, vol. 56, part A, pp. 197–205. doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.04.078.
  6. Maalekian M. Friction Welding-Critical Assessment of Literature. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2007, no. 12, pp. 738–759. doi: 10.1179/174329307X249333.
  7. Vill V.I. Svarka metallov treniem [Friction welding of metals]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1970. 176 p.
  8. Li Wenya, Vairis A., Preuss M., Ma Tiejun. Linear and Rotary Friction Welding Review. International Materials Reviews, 2016, no. 61, pp. 71–100. doi: 10.1080/09506608.2015.1109214.
  9. Banerjee A., Ntovas M., Da Silva L., Rahimi S., Wynne B. Inter relationship between microstructure evolution and mechanical properties in inertia friction welded 8630 low-alloy steel. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 2021, vol. 21, article number 149. doi: 10.1007/s43452-021-00300-9.
  10. Kumar A.S., Khadeer Sk.A., Rajinikanth V., Pahari S., Kumar B.R. Evaluation of bond interface characteristics of rotary friction welded carbon steel to low alloy steel pipe joints. Materials Science & Engineering A, 2021, vol. 824, article number 141844. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2021.141844.
  11. Shete N., Deokar S.U. A Review Paper on Rotary Friction Welding. International Conference on Ideas, Impact and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering, 2017, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 1557–1560.
  12. Cai Wayne, Daehn G., Vivek A., Li Jingjing, Khan H., Mishra R.S., Komarasamy M. A State of the Art Review on Solid-State Metal Joining. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 2019, vol. 141, no. 3, article number 031012. doi: 10.1115/1.4041182.
  13. Emre H.E., Kaçar R. Effect of Post Weld Heat Treatment Process on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Welded Dissimilar Drill Pipe. Materials Research, 2015, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 503–508. doi: 10.1590/1516-1439.308114.
  14. Kaletin A.Y., Kaletina Y.V., Ryzhkov A.G. Enhancement of impact toughness of structural steels upon formation of carbide-free bainite. Physics of Metals and Metallography, 2015, vol. 116, no. 1, pp. 109–114. doi: 10.1134/S0031918X15010068.
  15. Maisuradze M.V., Kuklina A.A., Nazarova V.V., Ryzhkov M.A., Antakov E.V. Microstructure and mechanical property formation of heat treated low-carbon chromium-nickel-molybdenum steels. Metallurgist, 2024, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 322–335. doi: 10.1007/s11015-024-01732-3.
  16. Panin V.E., Shulepov I.A., Derevyagina L.S., Panin S.V., Gordienko A.I., Vlasov I.V. Nanoscale mesoscopic structural states in low-alloy steels for martensitic phase formation and low-temperature toughness enhancement. Physical mesomechanics, 2020, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 376–383. doi: 10.1134/S1029959920050021.
  17. Celik S., Ersozlu I. Investigation of the mechanical properties and microstructure of friction welded joints between AISI 4140 and AISI 1050 steels. Materials and Design, 2009, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 970–976. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2008.06.070.
  18. Nan Xujing, Xiong Jiangtao, Jin Feng, Li Xun, Liao Zhongxiang, Zhang Fusheng, Li Jinglong. Modeling of rotary friction welding process based on maximum entropy production principle. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2019, vol. 37, pp. 21–27. doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.11.016.
  19. Geng Peihao, Qin Guoliang, Zhou Jun. Numerical and experimental investigation on friction welding of austenite stainless steel and middle carbon steel. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2019, vol. 47, pp. 83–97. doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2019.09.016.
  20. Kaletin A.Yu., Schastlivtsev V.M., Kareva N.T., Smirnov M.A. Embrittlement of structural steel with bainitic structure during tempering. Fizika metallov i metallovedenie, 1983, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 366–371. EDN: TBDJOQ.
  21. Zikeev V.N., Chevskaya O.N., Mishet’yan A.R., Filippov V.G., Korostelev A.B. Effect of high strength structural steel structural state on fracture resistance. Metallurgist, 2021, vol. 65, no. 3-4, pp. 375–388. doi: 10.1007/s11015-021-01167-0.
  22. Kaletin A.Yu., Kaletina Yu.V., Simonov Yu.N. Retained austenite and impact strength of structural steels with carbide-free bainite. Bulletin of PNRPU. Mechanical engineering, materials science, 2022, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 49–55. EDN: UZSBWG.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Copyright (c) 2025 Priymak E.Y., Atamashkin A.S., Yakovleva I.L., Fot A.P.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies