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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-4039</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-6074</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Togliatti State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">910</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18323/2782-4039-2024-1-67-8</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The influence of tungsten carbide and boride additives on the structure and microhardness of CrFeNi equiatomic coating formed by short-pulse laser cladding</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние добавок карбида и борида вольфрама на структуру и микротвердость эквиатомного CrFeNi-покрытия, сформированного короткоимпульсной лазерной наплавкой</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9431-0170</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepchenkov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степченков</surname><given-names>Александр Константинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>junior researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>stepchenkov@imp.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2228-0643</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>Aleksey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>Алексей Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Corresponding member of RAS, Head of Department of Materials Science, Head of Laboratory of Mechanical Properties</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, член-корреспондент РАН, заведующий отделом материаловедения и лабораторией механических свойств</p></bio><email>avm@imp.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4958-3027</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>Elena G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Елена Георгиевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Physics and Mathematics), senior researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат физико-математических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>volkova@imp.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7039-1420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Estemirova</surname><given-names>Svetlana Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эстемирова</surname><given-names>Светлана Хусаиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Chemistry), senior researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат химических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>esveta100@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1525-2169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharanzhevskiy</surname><given-names>Evgeny V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харанжевский</surname><given-names>Евгений Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor, Head of Laboratory of Physics and Chemistry of Materials</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией физики и химии материалов</p></bio><email>eh@udsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Branch of RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физики металлов имени М.Н. Михеева Уральского отделения РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Metallurgy of the Ural Branch of the RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт металлургии Уральского отделения РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Udmurt State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Удмуртский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-03-29"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Stepchenkov A.K., Makarov A.V., Volkova E.G., Estemirova S.K., Kharanzhevskiy E.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Степченков А.К., Макаров А.В., Волкова Е.Г., Эстемирова С.Х., Харанжевский Е.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stepchenkov A.K., Makarov A.V., Volkova E.G., Estemirova S.K., Kharanzhevskiy E.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Степченков А.К., Макаров А.В., Волкова Е.Г., Эстемирова С.Х., Харанжевский Е.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/910">https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/910</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A coating based on a single-phase medium-entropy CrFeNi alloy with a face centered cubic structure has good ductility, relatively high anti-corrosion properties, low cost, but insufficient strength for its widespread use. It is assumed that adding strengthening particles in the form of tungsten carbides and borides to the CrFeNi equiatomic coating will lead to an increase in its mechanical properties. This work studies the influence of tungsten carbide and boride additives on the structure and microhardness of a CrFeNi equiatomic coating. The coatings were formed by layer-by-layer short-pulse laser cladding with preplaced powder on a multifunctional laser installation equipped with a solid-state laser with a lamp pump based on an Nd:YAG crystal. The change in phase composition when adding strengthening particles was detected using X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Both methods confirmed the precipitation of Cr<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> chromium carbide in the deposited coatings. TEM photographs indicate that the precipitated phase is distributed along the grain boundaries of the g-solid solution. The study found that the addition of 6 wt. % WC and 3 wt. % WB increases the level of microhardness of the CrFeNi coating by 26 % (from 340±6 to 430±12 HV 0.025). This occurs due to the presence of Cr<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub>, WC particles in the structure and possible microdistortions of the crystal lattice of the g-phase as a result of doping with tungsten atoms released during the dissolution of tungsten borides and carbides in the process of high-temperature short-pulse laser heating.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Покрытие на основе однофазного среднеэнтропийного сплава CrFeNi с гранецентрированной кубической (ГЦК) структурой обладает хорошей пластичностью, относительно высокими антикоррозионными свойствами, низкой стоимостью, но недостаточной прочностью для его широкого применения. Предполагается, что добавление упрочняющих частиц в виде карбидов и боридов вольфрама в эквиатомное CrFeNi-покрытие приведет к повышению его механических свойств. В работе изучено влияние добавок карбида и борида вольфрама на структуру и микротвердость эквиатомного CrFeNi-покрытия. Формирование покрытий осуществлялось путем послойного короткоимпульсного лазерного оплавления предварительно нанесенного порошка на многофункциональной лазерной установке, оснащенной твердотельным лазером с ламповой накачкой на основе кристалла Nd:YAG. Изменение фазового состава при добавлении упрочняющих частиц выявлялось с помощью методов рентгеновского дифракционного анализа и просвечивающей электронной микроскопии (ПЭМ). Оба метода подтвердили выделение в наплавленных покрытиях карбида хрома Cr<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub>. Фотографии, полученные при помощи ПЭМ, указывают на то, что выделяемая фаза распределена по границам зерен g-твердого раствора. Установлено, что добавление 6 мас. % WC и 3 мас. % WB повышает уровень микротвердости CrFeNi-покрытия на 26 % (с 340±6 до 430±12 HV 0,025) вследствие наличия в структуре частиц Cr<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub>, WC и возможных микроискажений кристаллической решетки g-фазы в результате легирования атомами вольфрама, высвободившимися при растворении боридов и карбидов вольфрама в процессе высокотемпературного короткоимпульсного лазерного нагрева.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>CrFeNi coating</kwd><kwd>medium-entropy alloys</kwd><kwd>tungsten carbides/borides</kwd><kwd>short-pulse laser cladding</kwd><kwd>equiatomic coatings</kwd><kwd>microhardness</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>CrFeNi-покрытие</kwd><kwd>среднеэнтропийные сплавы</kwd><kwd>карбиды/бориды вольфрама</kwd><kwd>короткоимпульсная лазерная наплавка</kwd><kwd>эквиатомные покрытия</kwd><kwd>микротвердость</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the state assignment to M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IMP UB RAS) on the topic “Structure” No. 122021000033-2. The research was carried out using the equipment of the Electron Microscopy and Mechanical Testing Departments of the Collaborative Access Center “Testing Center of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials” of IMP UB RAS. A.K. Stepchenkov thanks M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics for the support of the work under the state assignment to IMP UB RAS on the topic “Structure” No. 122021000033-2, which was carried out within the framework of the IMP UB RAS youth project No. 22-13/mol. The paper was written on the reports of the participants of the XI International School of Physical Materials Science (SPM-2023), Togliatti, September 11–15, 2023.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ИФМ УрО РАН по теме «Структура» № 122021000033-2. Исследования проводились с использованием оборудования отделов электронной микроскопии и механических испытаний ЦКП «Испытательный центр нанотехнологий и перспективных материалов» ИФМ УрО РАН. А.К. Степченков благодарит Институт физики металлов имени М.Н. Михеева за поддержку работы по государственному заданию ИФМ УрО РАН по теме «Структура» № 122021000033-2, которая выполнялась в рамках молодежного проекта ИФМ УрО РАН № 22-13/мол. Статья подготовлена по материалам докладов участников XI Международной школы «Физическое материаловедение» (ШФМ-2023), Тольятти, 11–15 сентября 2023 года.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cantor B., Chang I.T.H., Knight P., Vincent A.J.B. Microstructural development in equiatomic multicomponent alloys. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2004, vol. 375-377, pp. 213–218. 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