Frontier Materials & TechnologiesFrontier Materials & TechnologiesFrontier Materials & Technologies2782-40392782-6074Togliatti State University42910.18323/2782-4039-2022-2-92-104ArticlesСтатьиAdditive manufacturing of parts with three-dimensional continuous fiber reinforcementАддитивное производство изделий с пространственным армированием непрерывным волокномTorubarovIvan S.ТорубаровИван Сергеевич
Russian Federation

postgraduate student of Chair “Production Process Automation”

аспирант кафедры «Автоматизация производственных процессов»

is.torubarov@gmail.comDrobotovAleksey V.ДроботовАлексей Владимирович
Russian Federation

PhD (Engineering), assistant professor of Chair “Production Process Automation”

кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Автоматизация производственных процессов»

alexey.drobotov@gmail.comGushchinIlya A.ГущинИлья Александрович
Russian Federation

postgraduate student of Chair “Production Process Automation”

аспирант кафедры «Автоматизация производственных процессов»

ilyaalgushin@gmail.comVdovinDenis S.ВдовинДенис Сергеевич
Russian Federation

PhD (Engineering), assistant professor of Chair “Multi-Purpose Tracked Vehicles and Mobile Robots”

кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Многоцелевые гусеничные машины и мобильные роботы»

vdovinsky@gmail.comPlotnikovAleksandr L.ПлотниковАлександр Леонтьевич
Russian Federation

Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), professor of Chair “Production Process Automation”

доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры «Автоматизация производственных процессов»

plotnikov.alexander1939@yandex.ruYakovlevAleksey A.ЯковлевАлексей Андреевич
Russian Federation

Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), professor of Chair “Production Process Automation”

доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры «Автоматизация производственных процессов»

yaa_777@mail.ruVolgograd State Technical University, VolgogradВолгоградский государственный технический университет, ВолгоградBauman Moscow State Technical University (national research university), MoscowМосковский государственный технический университет имени Н.Э. Баумана (национальный исследовательский университет), Москва3006202229210430062022https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/429

One of the key challenges in additive manufacturing of plastic goods using the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technology is to ensure their strength. The low strength of polymer materials and the distinct anisotropy of their mechanical properties limit the use of 3D printing as an alternative to the traditional small-scale production technologies. The most promising solution to the goal of increasing the strength of printed goods is the application of continuous fiber reinforcement. Several additive manufacturing devices and software products that allow preparing a control program for 3D printing with reinforcement are known, however, having all their advantages, they, like conventional printed products, have a wide spread in strength in various directions (in the plane of a layer and perpendicularly to it, in the direction of growing). In this paper, the authors propose using the continuous fiber reinforcement along the three-dimensional trajectories to smooth out the anisotropy of the products’ properties in the FFF technology and ensure wider possibilities for using them in the production of final goods. In the course of work, a 3D printer with the ability to print using five degrees of freedom and software for preparation of control programs were upgraded for the printing process with laying continuous fiber; printing modes with reinforcement were developed; samples were produced for standard static bending tests. The experiments show that reinforcement improves the printed specimen’s strength, and the proposed three-dimensional reinforcement technique ensures the lower flexing strength compared to standard flat reinforcement with uniaxial laying of fibers, though, the destruction of 3D reinforced specimens occurred without evident delamination.

Одной из ключевых задач в аддитивном производстве изделий из пластика по технологии послойного наплавления материала (Fused Filament Fabrication, FFF) является обеспечение их прочности. Малая прочность самих полимерных материалов и ярко выраженная анизотропия их механических свойств ограничивают применение объемной печати как альтернативы традиционным технологиям мелкосерийного производства. Самым перспективным решением задачи повышения прочности печатных изделий остается применение армирования непрерывным волокном. Известен ряд установок для аддитивного производства и программных продуктов, позволяющих подготовить управляющую программу для объемной печати с армированием, однако при всех достоинствах им, так же как и обычным печатным изделиям, присущ большой разброс прочности в различных направлениях (в плоскости слоя и перпендикулярно ему, в направлении выращивания). Сгладить анизотропию свойств изделий в технологии FFF и обеспечить им более широкие возможности применения в производстве конечных изделий в настоящей работе предлагается за счет армирования непрерывным волокном по пространственным траекториям. В ходе работы 3D-принтер с возможностью печати с применением пяти степеней свободы и программное обеспечение по подготовке управляющих программ модернизированы под процесс печати с укладкой непрерывного волокна, выработаны режимы печати с армированием, изготовлены образцы для стандартных испытаний на статический изгиб. Установлено, что армирование повышает прочность печатного образца, при этом предложенный способ объемного армирования обеспечивает меньшую прочность на изгиб по сравнению со стандартным плоским армированием с однонаправленной укладкой волокон, однако разрушение объемно армированных образцов происходило без ярко выраженного расслоения. 

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