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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-4039</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-6074</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Togliatti State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">266</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18323/2782-4039-2022-1-61-72</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Special aspects of structure formation of a transition zone in a layer composite produced by explosion welding</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности структурообразования переходной зоны в слоистом композиционном материале, полученном сваркой взрывом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3362-9617</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozen</surname><given-names>Andrey E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Розен</surname><given-names>Андрей Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor, Head of Chair “Welding, Foundry Engineering, and Materials Science”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой «Сварочное, литейное производство и материаловедение»</p></bio><email>aerozen@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1847-2917</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharina</surname><given-names>Irina L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харина</surname><given-names>Ирина Лазаревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Engineering), chief researcher of the Laboratory of Corrosion Tests</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории коррозионных испытаний</p></bio><email>cniitmash@cniitmash.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6459-9516</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gudenko</surname><given-names>Andrey S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуденко</surname><given-names>Андрей Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Engineering), Head of Department of Physical and Chemical Methods of Metal Research</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, заведующий отделом физико-химических методов исследования металлов</p></bio><email>andgas@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1770-6678</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pryshchak</surname><given-names>Aleksey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прыщак</surname><given-names>Алексей Валерьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Engineering), assistant professor of Chair “Welding, Foundry Engineering, and Materials Science”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Сварочное, литейное производство и материаловедение»</p></bio><email>metal@pnzgu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7164-7942</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khorin</surname><given-names>Aleksandr V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хорин</surname><given-names>Александр Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Engineering), assistant professor of Chair “Control and Material Tests”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Контроль и испытания материалов»</p></bio><email>alexkho154@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8475-2987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Batrashov</surname><given-names>Viktor M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батрашов</surname><given-names>Виктор Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Engineering), assistant professor of Chair “Control and Material Tests”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Контроль и испытания материалов»</p></bio><email>metal@pnzgu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4143-576X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Guskov</surname><given-names>Maksim S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуськов</surname><given-names>Максим Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Engineering), assistant professor of Chair “Control and Material Tests”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Контроль и испытания материалов»</p></bio><email>metal@pnzgu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3970-1707</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozen</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Розен</surname><given-names>Андрей Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student of Chair “Welding, Foundry Engineering, and Materials Science”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант<bold><italic> </italic></bold>кафедры «Сварочное, литейное производство и материаловедение»</p></bio><email>aarozen@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2501-7768</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Вячеславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student of Chair “Welding, Foundry Engineering, and Materials Science”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры «Сварочное, литейное производство и материаловедение»</p></bio><email>d_v_kozlov@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Penza State University, Penza</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пензенский государственный университет, Пенза</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">JSC “RPA “CNIITMASH”, Moscow</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">АО «НПО «ЦНИИТМАШ», Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-03-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-07-08"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/266">https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/266</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper presents the research on special aspects of structure formation in the transition zones of a layer metal material made of structural carbon and alloy stainless steels with an internal protector. The authors specify the order of layers arrangement. As an industrial method of producing such a material, the explosion welding technology was selected, which ensures the production of three-, four- and six-layer materials with one and two internal protectors per one explosion. The selection of optimal process parameters was carried out using computer modeling in the <italic>LS-DYNA</italic> software product. By calculation, the authors determined the main technological parameters of the process, which provide in the contact zone at each interlayer boundary the ratio of the amplitude of the generated waves to their length in the range from 0.3 to 0.5. Mechanical tests of multilayer workpieces were carried out. The shear strength of layers was from 320 to 410 MPa, the ultimate tensile strength of the main layer was from 520 to 710 MPa, the impact resistance was from 290 to 740 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>, and the bending angle under static loading was 140 degrees and higher. The authors determined the phase composition and characteristics of the crystallographic structure of transition zones of a layer metal material with an internal protector. The study identified the presence of γ-Fe with a face-centered crystal lattice, two cubic structures, one hexagonal, and one orthorhombic. On the samples with artificial pitting, the authors determined their influence on the rate of anodic dissolution of a protective layer<italic><bold> </bold></italic>when contacting with an aggressive environment. The study shows that the interlayer boundaries with a homogeneous structure and minimal thickness have the highest corrosion resistance.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Приведены исследования особенностей структурообразования в переходных зонах слоистого металлического материала из конструкционных углеродистых и легированных нержавеющих сталей с внутренним протектором. Определена последовательность расположения слоев. Промышленным способом производства такого материала была принята технология сварки взрывом, обеспечивающая получение 3-, 4- и 6-слойных материалов с одним и двумя внутренними протекторами за один подрыв. Выбор оптимальных параметров процесса осуществляли при помощи компьютерного моделирования с использованием программного продукта <italic>LS-DYNA</italic><bold>.</bold> Расчетом определяли основные технологические параметры процесса, обеспечивающие в контактной зоне на каждой межслойной границе соотношение амплитуды образующихся волн к их длине в диапазоне от 0,3 до 0,5. Проведенны механические испытания многослойных заготовок. Величина прочности сцепления слоев на срез составила от 320 до 410 МПа, временного сопротивления на разрыв основного слоя – от 520 до 710 МПа, ударной вязкости – от 290 до 740 кДж/м<sup>2</sup>, угол загиба при статическом нагружении – 140 градусов и выше. Определен фазовый состав и характеристики кристаллографической структуры переходных зон слоистого металлического материала с внутренним протектором. Установлено наличие γ-Fe с гранецентрированной кристаллической решеткой, две кубические структуры, по одной гексагональной и орторомбической. На образцах с искусственным питтнгом установлено их влияние на скорость анодного растворения протекторного слоя при контакте с агрессивной средой. Показано, что наибольшей коррозионной стойкостью обладают межслойные границы с однородной структурой и минимальной толщиной.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>layer metal material</kwd><kwd>internal protector</kwd><kwd>explosion welding</kwd><kwd>interlayer boundary</kwd><kwd>computer simulation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>слоистый металлический материал</kwd><kwd>внутренний протектор</kwd><kwd>сварка взрывом</kwd><kwd>межслойная граница</kwd><kwd>компьютерное моделирование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the project No. 0748-2020-0013 “Scientific principles of formation of heterogeneous structures by the physical-chemical dispersion methods” (state assignment to the university in the field of scientific activity. Customer: Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation). The authors express gratitude to the employees of the specialized laboratory of JSC “RPA “CNIITMASH” (Moscow), JSC Institute of Nuclear Materials (Zarechny, the Sverdlovsk Region), OOO Mid-Volga Region Certification and Diagnostic Center “Delta” (Togliatti, the Samara Region), and to Core Facility Center “ROMET” (Penza) for assistance in carrying out the experiments.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках проекта № 0748-2020-0013 «Научные принципы формирования гетерогенных структур методами физико-химического диспергирования» (государственное задание вузу в сфере научной деятельности. Заказчик: Министерство науки и высшего образования РФ). Авторы выражают благодарность сотрудникам специализированной лаборатории АО «НПО «ЦНИИТМАШ» (г. Москва), АО «Институт реакторных материалов» (г. Заречный, Свердловская область), ООО «Средневолжский сертификационно-диагностический центр "Дельта"» (г. 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