<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-4039</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-6074</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Togliatti State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">264</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18323/2782-4039-2022-1-40-48</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The interrelation between the electrodeposition parameters and surface morphology of nickel coatings in the presence of a growth inhibitor</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Взаимосвязь параметров электроосаждения и морфологии поверхности никелевых покрытий в присутствии ингибитора роста</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3915-3915</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveeva</surname><given-names>Nadezhda S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеева</surname><given-names>Надежда Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student of Chair “Nanotechnologies, Materials Science, and Mechanics”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры «Нанотехнологии, материаловедение и механика»</p></bio><email>nad.matveeva96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2802-9537</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gryzunova</surname><given-names>Natalya N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грызунова</surname><given-names>Наталья Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor, Professor of Chair “Nanotechnologies, Materials Science, and Mechanics”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор физико-математических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры «Нанотехнологии, материаловедение и механика»</p></bio><email>gryzunova-natalja@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Togliatti State University, Togliatti</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Тольяттинский государственный университет, Тольятти</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-03-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-07-16"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-03-31"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/264">https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/264</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>On the one hand, nickel and nickel coatings are well-studied objects in terms of their wide practical application; on the other hand, the application of various approaches to their production and structuring gives new possibilities for changing their properties. At present, the research activities related to the change in nickel physicochemical properties through nanostructuring are being carried out. Methods and techniques for producing nanostructured materials are very diverse. However, many of them are considered energy-intensive and economically unviable. The work solves the problem of obtaining nickel coatings and changing their properties through electrodeposition from aqueous solutions of electrolytes. The paper studies the effect of additives to a nickel electrolyte on the habit of crystals formed in the coating and, consequently, the nickel coating morphology. The authors used sodium, potassium, and calcium chlorides in the same molar concentration to be additives. During the electrodeposition of coating samples, the substrate nature and the electrolysis regimes changed. The deposition was carried out in the stationary mode of electrodeposition within one or two stages of electrolysis. The authors studied the obtained samples by scanning electron microscopy methods using X-ray diffraction analysis. The study identified that chlorides can significantly change the coating surface morphology. Depending on chloride concentration and deposition regimes, the surface morphology of nickel coatings changes from the three-dimensional cone-shaped structures to the lamellar habit. Chlorides allow forming crystals with pentagonal symmetry as well. The addition of chlorides affects the growth of crystals in certain crystallographic directions (111), which may be the result of their inhibitory effect. The obtained nickel coatings have a regular microrelief.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Никель и никелевые покрытия, с одной стороны, хорошо изучены с точки зрения широты практического применения, с другой – применение разных подходов к их получению и структурированию дает новые возможности изменения их свойств. В настоящее время ведутся исследовательские работы, связанные с изменением физико-химических свойств никеля путем наноструктурирования. Способы и методы получения наноструктурированных материалов весьма разнообразны, однако многие из них считаются энергоемкими и экономически невыгодными. В работе проблема получения никелевых покрытий и изменения их свойств решена путем электроосаждения из водных растворов электролитов. Исследовано влияние добавок в никелевый электролит на габитус формирующихся в покрытии кристаллов и, как следствие, морфологию никелевого покрытия. В качестве добавок использовались хлориды натрия, калия и кальция в одинаковой мольной концентрации. При электроосаждении образцов покрытий менялась природа подложки и режимы электролиза. Осаждение велось в стационарном режиме электроосаждения в одну или две стадии электролиза. Полученные образцы исследовались методами электронной сканирующей микроскопии с применением рентгеноструктурного анализа. Установлено, что используемые в работе хлориды позволяют существенно изменить морфологию поверхности покрытия. В зависимости от концентрации хлоридов и режимов осаждения морфология поверхности никелевых покрытий изменяется от объемных конусообразных структур до пластинчатого габитуса. Хлориды также позволяют сформировать кристаллы с пентагональной симметрией. Добавление хлоридов влияет на рост кристаллов в определенных кристаллографических направлениях (111), что может быть связано с их ингибирующим действием. Полученные никелевые покрытия имеют регулярный микрорельеф.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electrodeposition</kwd><kwd>nickel coatings</kwd><kwd>inhibitory action</kwd><kwd>microrelief</kwd><kwd>cone-shaped crystal</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электроосаждение</kwd><kwd>никелевые покрытия</kwd><kwd>ингибирующее действие</kwd><kwd>микрорельеф</kwd><kwd>конусообразный кристалл</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The paper was written on the reports of the participants of the X International School of Physical Materials Science (SPM-2021), Togliatti, September 13–17, 2021</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена по материалам докладов участников X Международной школы «Физическое материаловедение» (ШФМ-2021), Тольятти, 13–17 сентября 2021 года</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hang T., Li M., Fei Q., Mao D. Characterization of nickel nanocones routed by electrodeposition without any template. Nanotechnology, 2008, vol. 19, no. 3, article number 035201. DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/03/035201.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hang T., Li M., Fei Q., Mao D. Characterization of nickel nanocones routed by electrodeposition without any template // Nanotechnology. 2008. Vol. 19. № 3. Article number 035201. DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/03/035201.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leea J.M., Junga K.K., Lee S.H., Ko J.S. One-step fabrication of nickel nanocones by electrodeposition using CaCl2•2H2O as capping reagent. Applied Surface Science, 2016, vol. 369, pp. 163–169. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.02.006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leea J.M., Junga K.K., Lee S.H., Ko J.S. One-step fabrication of nickel nanocones by electrodeposition using CaCl2•2H2O as capping reagent // Applied Surface Science. 2016. Vol. 369. P. 163–169. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.02.006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rahimi E., Davoodi A., Kiani Rashid A.R. Characterization of screw dislocation-driven growth in nickel micro-nanostructure electrodeposition process by AF. Materials Letters, 2018, vol. 210, pp. 341–344. DOI: 10.1016/J.MATLET.2017.09.057.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rahimi E., Davoodi A., Kiani Rashid A.R. Characterization of screw dislocation-driven growth in nickel micro-nanostructure electrodeposition process by AF // Materials Letters. 2018. Vol. 210. P. 341–344. DOI: 10.1016/J.MATLET.2017.09.057.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barati Darband G., Aliofkhazraei M., Sabour Rouhaghdam A. Three-dimensional porous Ni-CNT composite nanocones as high performance electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 2018, vol. 829, pp. 194–207. DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.10.012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barati Darband G., Aliofkhazraei M., Sabour Rouhaghdam A. Three-dimensional porous Ni-CNT composite nanocones as high performance electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction // Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry. 2018. Vol. 829. P. 194–207. DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.10.012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tseluikin V.N., Koreshkova A.A. Electrodeposition of Zinc–Nickel–Cnt composite coatings in the pulsed mode. Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2018, vol. 91, no. 3, pp. 384–387.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Целуйкин В.Н., Корешкова А.А. Электроосаждение композиционных покрытии цинк-никель-углеродные нанотрубки в импульсном режиме // Журнал прикладной химии. 2018. Т. 91. № 3. С. 344–347.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tikhonov R.D., Cheremisinov A.A., Tikhonov M.R. Concentration dependence of electrodeposition of CoNiFe alloy. Evraziyskoe Nauchnoe Obedinenie, 2021, no. 12-2, pp. 194–202. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5834128.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тихонов Р.Д., Черемисинов А.А., Тихонов М.Р. Концентрационная зависимость электроосаждения сплава CoNiFe // Евразийское Научное Объединение. 2021. № 12-2. С. 194–202. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5834128.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guana W., Tian S., Cao D., Chen Y., Zhaо X. Electrooxidation of nickel-ammonia complexes and simultaneous electrodeposition recovery of nickel from practical nickel-electroplating rinse wastewater. Electrochimica Acta, 2017, vol. 246, pp. 1230–1236. DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.06.121.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guana W., Tian S., Cao D., Chen Y., Zhaо X. Electrooxidation of nickel-ammonia complexes and simultaneous electrodeposition recovery of nickel from practical nickel-electroplating rinse wastewater // Electrochimica Acta. 2017. Vol. 246. P. 1230–1236. DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.06.121.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roventi G., Cecchini R., Fabrizi A., Bellezze T. Electrodeposition of nickel–zinc alloy coatings with high nickel content. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2015, vol. 276, no. 3-1, pp. 1–7. DOI: 10.11648/j.am.s.2015040301.13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roventi G., Cecchini R., Fabrizi A., Bellezze T. Electrodeposition of nickel–zinc alloy coatings with high nickel content // Surface and Coatings Technology. 2015. Vol. 276. № 3-1. P. 1–7. DOI: 10.11648/j.am.s.2015040301.13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bahadormanesh B., Ghorbani M., Kordkolaei N.L. Electrodeposition of nanocrystalline Zn/Ni multilayer coatings from single bath: Influences of deposition current densities and number of layers on characteristics of deposits. Applied Surface Science, 2017, vol. 404, pp. 101–109. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.01.251.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bahadormanesh B., Ghorbani M., Kordkolaei N.L. Electrodeposition of nanocrystalline Zn/Ni multilayer coatings from single bath: Influences of deposition current densities and number of layers on characteristics of deposits // Applied Surface Science. 2017. Vol. 404. P. 101–109. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.01.251.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shekhanov R.F., Gridchin S.N., Balmasov A.V. Electrodeposition of Zinc–Nickel alloys from ammonium oxalate electrolytes. Russian Journal of Electrochemistry, 2018, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 355–362. DOI: 10.7868/S0424857018040035.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шеханов Р.Ф., Гридчин С.Н., Балмасов А.В. Электроосаждение сплавов цинк-никель из оксалатно-аммонийных электролитов // Электрохимия. 2018. Т. 54. № 4. С. 408–415. DOI: 10.7868/S0424857018040035.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Y., Zhang X., Hu A., Li M. Morphological variation of electrodeposited nanostructured Ni-Co alloy electrodes and their property for hydrogen evolution reaction. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2018, vol. 43, no. 49, pp. 22012–22020. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.10.038.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Y., Zhang X., Hu A., Li M. Morphological variation of electrodeposited nanostructured Ni-Co alloy electrodes and their property for hydrogen evolution reaction // International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2018. Vol. 43. № 49. P. 22012–22020. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.10.038.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Donegan K.P., Godsell J.F., Tobin J.M., O’Byrne J.P., Otway D.J., Morris M.A., Roy S., Holmes J.D. Microwave-assisted synthesis of icosahedral nickel nanocrystals. CrystEngComm, 2011, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 2023–2028. DOI: 10.1039/C0CE00759E.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Donegan K.P., Godsell J.F., Tobin J.M., O’Byrne J.P., Otway D.J., Morris M.A., Roy S., Holmes J.D. Microwave-assisted synthesis of icosahedral nickel nanocrystals // CrystEngComm. 2011. Vol. 13. № 6. P. 2023–2028. DOI: 10.1039/C0CE00759E.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gillet M.F., Brieu M. Structure investigation of multiply-twinned Ni particles by electron investigation. Zeitschrift für Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters, 1989, vol. 12, no. 1-4, pp. 107–111. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-74913-1_24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gillet M.F., Brieu M. Structure investigation of multiply-twinned Ni particles by electron investigation // Zeitschrift für Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters. 1989. Vol. 12. № 1-4. P. 107–111. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-74913-1_24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bai L., Fan J., Cao Y., Yuan F., Zuo A., Tang A. Shape-controlled synthesis of Ni particles via polyol reduction. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2009, vol. 311, no. 8, pp. 2474–2479. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2009.02.009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bai L., Fan J., Cao Y., Yuan F., Zuo A., Tang A. Shape-controlled synthesis of Ni particles via polyol reduction // Journal of Crystal Growth. 2009. Vol. 311. № 8. P. 2474–2479. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2009.02.009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Downs G.L., Braun J.D. Pseudo-Fivefold Symmetry in Carbonyl Process Nickel. Science, 1966, no. 154, pp. 1443–1444. DOI 10.1126/science.154.3755.1443.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Downs G.L., Braun J.D. Pseudo-Fivefold Symmetry in Carbonyl Process Nickel // Science. 1966. № 154. P. 1443–1444. DOI 10.1126/science.154.3755.1443.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hang T., Ling H., Hu A., Li M. Growth Mechanism and Field Emission Properties of Nickel Nanocones Array Fabricated by One-Step Electrodeposition. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2010, vol. 157, no. 12, pp. 624–627. DOI: 10.1149/1.3499352.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hang T., Ling H., Hu A., Li M. Growth Mechanism and Field Emission Properties of Nickel Nanocones Array Fabricated by One-Step Electrodeposition // Journal of The Electrochemical Society. 2010. Vol. 157. № 12. P. 624–627. DOI: 10.1149/1.3499352.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li P., Liu H., Zhang Y.-F., Wei Y., Wang X.-K. Synthesis of flower-like ZnO microstructures via a simple solution route. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2007, vol. 106, no. 1, pp. 63–69. DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2007.05.017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li P., Liu H., Zhang Y.-F., Wei Y., Wang X.-K. Synthesis of flower-like ZnO microstructures via a simple solution route // Materials Chemistry and Physics. 2007. Vol. 106. № 1. P. 63–69. DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2007.05.017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matveeva N.S., Gryzunova N.N., Yasnikov I.S. Features of the formation of pentagonal nickel microcrystals in continuous electrodeposited coatings with selective inhibition of the growth of their individual facets. Fizika tverdogo tela, 2021, vol. 63, no. 12, pp. 2178–2184. DOI: 10.21883/FTT.2021.12.51681.168.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Матвеева Н.С., Грызунова Н.Н., Ясников И.С. Особенности формирования пентагональных микрокристаллов никеля в сплошных электроосажденных покрытиях при избирательном ингибировании роста их отдельных граней // Физика твердого тела. 2021. Т. 63. № 12. С. 2178–2184. DOI: 10.21883/FTT.2021.12.51681.168.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee J.M., Jung K.K., Ko J.S. Effect of NaCl in a nickel electrodeposition on the formation of nickel nanostructure. Journal of Materials Science, 2016, vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 3036–3044. DOI: 10.1007/s10853-015-9614-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee J.M., Jung K.K., Ko J.S. Effect of NaCl in a nickel electrodeposition on the formation of nickel nanostructure // Journal of Materials Science. 2016. Vol. 51. № 6. P. 3036–3044. DOI: 10.1007/s10853-015-9614-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sahoo G.P., Samanta S., Bhui D.K., Pyne S., Maity A., Misra A. Hydrothermal synthesis of hexagonal ZnO microstructures in HPMC polymer matrix and their catalytic activities. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2015, vol. 212, pp. 665–670. DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.10.019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sahoo G.P., Samanta S., Bhui D.K., Pyne S., Maity A., Misra A. Hydrothermal synthesis of hexagonal ZnO microstructures in HPMC polymer matrix and their catalytic activities // Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2015. Vol. 212. P. 665–670. DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.10.019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
