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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-4039</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-6074</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Togliatti State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">192</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18323/2073-5073-2017-4-67-74</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Technical Sciences</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Технические науки</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">THE INFLUENCE OF PRELIMINARY DEFORMATION TREATMENT ON THE HARDENING AND QUALITY OF THE NITRIDED SURFACE OF AUSTENITE STAINLESS STEEL</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ВЛИЯНИЕ ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОЙ ДЕФОРМАЦИОННОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ НА УПРОЧНЕНИЕ И КАЧЕСТВО АЗОТИРОВАННОЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ АУСТЕНИТНОЙ НЕРЖАВЕЮЩЕЙ СТАЛИ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>Aleksey Viktorovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>Алексей Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Head of Department of Materials Science and Laboratory of Mechanical Properties </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, заведующий отделом материаловедения и лабораторией механических свойств</p></bio><email>avm@imp.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoylova</surname><given-names>Galina Viktorovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойлова</surname><given-names>Галина Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><email>a1isova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamaev</surname><given-names>Aleksandr Sergeevich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамаев</surname><given-names>Александр Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Engineering), researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>asm@iep.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Osintseva</surname><given-names>Alevtina Leontievna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осинцева</surname><given-names>Алевтина Леонтьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Engineering), senior researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>lkm@imach.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savray</surname><given-names>Roman Anatolievich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саврай</surname><given-names>Роман Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Engineering), Head of Laboratory of Constructional Material Science</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, заведующий лабораторией конструкционного материаловедения</p></bio><email>ras@imach.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg&#13;
Institute of Engineering Science of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физики металлов имени М.Н. Михеева Уральского отделения Российской академии наук, Екатеринбург&#13;
Институт машиноведения Уральского отделения Российской академии наук, Екатеринбург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физики металлов имени М.Н. Михеева Уральского отделения Российской академии наук, Екатеринбург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Electrophysics of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт электрофизики Уральского отделения Российской академии наук, Екатеринбург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Engineering Science of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт машиноведения Уральского отделения Российской академии наук, Екатеринбург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-12-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-03-04"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-03-04"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/192">https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/192</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The searching for the effective methods of hardening (when retaining the high surface quality) of austenitic chromium-nickel steels, which are thermally nonhardenable and liable to adhesion structural materials, is relevant. In this paper, using the methods of electronic scanning microscopy, optical profilometry and microdurometry, the authors studied the influence of combined treatment including the nanostructuring frictional treatment by applying the sliding synthetic diamond indenter in conjunction with the nitrogen hardening in the electron beam plasma at the temperatures between 300 and 500 °С, on the hardening, quality and roughness of AISI 321 metastable austenitic steel surface. To compare, the plasma nitrogen hardening of undeformed coarse-crystalline steel was studied. The preliminary steel surface nanostructuring by frictional treatment and further nitrogen hardening at the temperature of ТN=350 °С increase significantly the depth of hardened layer. This temperature is the minimum temperature of effective nitrogen hardening both of the deformation-nanostructured and the coarse-crystalline steel. The preliminary deformation treatment hinders the strong growth of roughness and prevents the surface quality deterioration during nitrogen hardening due to the inhibition of nitride phases precipitation on the grains and subgrains boundaries that lead to the “swelling” of the undeformed steel surface. However, the nitrogen hardening at the temperature of ТN=500 °С causes the intense blistering and pore formation on the steel surface previously processed by friction treatment. It is associated with the emergence of the increased amount of ε-phase and gaseous nitrogen in the diffusion active nanostructured surface layer after the nitrogen hardening. The reduction of nitriding temperature from 500 to 350 °C promotes the elimination of blistering and pore formation, and, as a result, the reduction of roughness (up to Ra=0.1 μm) and the quality improvement of nitride steel surface prehardened by friction treatment.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальным является поиск эффективных способов упрочнения (при сохранении высокого качества поверхности) аустенитных хромоникелевых сталей – термически неупрочняемых и склонных к адгезии конструкционных материалов. В настоящей работе с использованием методов электронной сканирующей микроскопии, оптической профилометрии и микродюрометрии изучено влияние комбинированной обработки, включающей наноструктурирующую фрикционную обработку скользящим индентором в комплексе с азотированием в плазме электронного пучка при температурах <italic>Т<sub>А</sub></italic>=300–500 °С, на упрочнение, качество и шероховатость поверхности метастабильной аустенитной стали 04Х17Н8Т. Для сравнения исследовали плазменное азотирование недеформированной крупнокристаллической стали. После предварительного наноструктурирования поверхности стали фрикционной обработкой при последующем азотировании при <italic>Т<sub>А</sub></italic>=350 °С установлен существенный рост толщины упрочненного слоя. Указанная температура является минимальной температурой эффективного азотирования как деформационно-наноструктурированной, так и крупнокристаллической стали. Предварительная деформационная обработка препятствует сильному росту шероховатости и ухудшению качества поверхности при азотировании вследствие подавления выделений по границам зерен и субзерен нитридных фаз, приводящих к «вспучиванию» поверхности недеформированной стали. Однако на поверхности стали, подвергнутой фрикционной обработке, азотирование при <italic>Т<sub>А</sub></italic>=500 °С вызывает интенсивный блистеринг и порообразование. Это обусловлено возникновением в диффузионно-активном наноструктурированном поверхностном слое при азотировании повышенного количества ε-фазы и газообразного азота. Снижение температуры азотирования от 500 до 350 °С способствует устранению блистеринга, порообразования, и, как следствие, уменьшению шероховатости (до <italic>Ra</italic>=0,1 мкм) и улучшению качества поверхности азотированной стали, предварительно упрочненной фрикционной обработкой.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>austenitic stainless steel</kwd><kwd>frictional treatment</kwd><kwd>strain-induced martensite</kwd><kwd>electron beam</kwd><kwd>plasma</kwd><kwd>microhardness</kwd><kwd>roughness</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аустенитная нержавеющая сталь</kwd><kwd>фрикционная обработка</kwd><kwd>мартенсит деформации</kwd><kwd>электронный пучок</kwd><kwd>плазма</kwd><kwd>микротвердость</kwd><kwd>шероховатость</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФАНО России по темам «Структура» № 01201463331 (проект № 15-9-12-45) и государственного задания ИМАШ УрО РАН по теме № 01201354598 при поддержке РФФИ, проект № 15-08-07947. Измерение микротвердости, электронная сканирующая микроскопия и профилометрия выполнены в ЦКП «Пластометрия» ИМАШ УрО РАН. Статья подготовлена по материалам докладов участников VIII Международной школы «Физическое материаловедение» с элементами научной школы для молодежи, Тольятти, 3–12 сентября 2017 г.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rolinski E. Plasma-assisted nitriding and nitrocarburizing of steel and other ferrous alloys. Thermochemical surface Engineering of steels: Improving Materials Performance. Woodhead Publ., 2014, pp. 413–457.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rolinski E. Plasma-assisted nitriding and nitrocarburizing of steel and other ferrous alloys // Thermochemical surface Engineering of steels: Improving Materials Performance. USA: Woodhead Publ., 2014. 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