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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-4039</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-6074</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Togliatti State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">143</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18323/2073-5073-2021-2-57-66</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Effective power of a constricted welding arc with heteropolar current pulses</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффективная мощность сжатой сварочной дуги с разнополярными импульсами тока</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6191-2888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorov</surname><given-names>Vladimir P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидоров</surname><given-names>Владимир Петрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor, professor of Chair “Welding, Pressure Treatment of Materials and Allied Processes”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры «Сварка, обработка материалов давлением и родственные процессы»</p></bio><email>vladimir.sidorov.2012@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6942-4501</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sovetkin</surname><given-names>Dmitry E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Советкин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Эдуардович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>senior lecturer of Chair “Welding, Pressure Treatment of Materials and Allied Processes”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший преподаватель кафедры «Сварка, обработка материалов давлением и родственные процессы»</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Togliatti State University, Togliatti (Russia)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Тольяттинский государственный университет, Тольятти (Россия)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-06-30"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-06-30"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/143">https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/143</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors reviewed the research works on the effective power of direct and reverse polarity welding arcs with a non-consumable electrode in argon. The study shows that it is difficult to use the arc effective efficiency for effective power determination. It applies to the constricted arc more than to the free one. Based on data analysis for the effective power of polarities and the effective efficiency of a constricted arc burning toward the cooper heat flow calorimeter, the authors calculated the specific effective power of polarities and arc stresses. The maximum values are 23.2 W/A for the reverse polarity arc; and 14.2 W/A for the direct polarity arc. The study identified that the decrease in the specific effective power of polarities at the current increase within 100–150 A is well described by linear dependencies. With the current increase, there is a linear decrease in the direct polarity arc stress, while the reverse polarity arc stress remains constant. The spread of data for the specific effective power of polarities is about two times less than the spread for effective efficiency. Using a 2D mathematical model of the constricted arc column in a closed area, the authors calculated the power absorbed by plasma-forming argon and nozzle walls. As a result, the authors obtained the dependencies of the power transferred by argon on the nozzle channel length and the arc current. The specific effective power of argon flow for analyzed current densities and argon consumption shows poor dependence on the arc current and is equal to 5.5 W/A approximately. The power contribution of plasma-forming argon to the effective power of the constricted arc increases with the current increase.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Выполнен обзор работ по исследованию эффективной мощности сварочных дуг с неплавящимся электродом в аргоне прямой и обратной полярности. Показано, что эффективный КПД дуги сложно использовать для определения эффективной мощности. В большей степени, чем к свободной дуге, это относится к сжатой дуге. На основе анализа данных по эффективным мощностям полярностей и эффективному КПД сжатой дуги, горящей на проточный калориметр из меди, рассчитаны удельные эффективные мощности полярностей и напряжения дуг. Максимальные значения на обратной полярности достигают 23,2 Вт/А, на прямой полярности – 14,2 Вт/А. Установлено, что снижение удельных эффективных мощностей полярностей с ростом тока в диапазоне 100–150 А хорошо описывается линейными зависимостями. Имеет место линейное снижение напряжения дуги прямой полярности с увеличением тока, а напряжение дуги обратной полярности остается постоянным. Разброс данных по удельным эффективным мощностям полярностей примерно в два раза меньше, чем разброс эффективных КПД. С помощью двумерной математической модели столба сжатой дуги на закрытом участке выполнен расчет мощности, поглощаемой плазмообразующим аргоном и стенками сопла. Получены зависимости мощности, переносимой аргоном от длины канала сопла и тока дуги. Удельная эффективная мощность потока аргона при исследованных плотностях тока и расхода аргона слабо зависит от тока дуги и составляет примерно 5,5 Вт/А. Вклад мощности плазмообразующего аргона в эффективную мощность сжатой дуги увеличивается с ростом тока.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>plasma welding</kwd><kwd>current pulses</kwd><kwd>polarity</kwd><kwd>effective power</kwd><kwd>calorimetry</kwd><kwd>field density</kwd><kwd>plasma heat content</kwd><kwd>arc force</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>плазменная сварка</kwd><kwd>импульсы тока</kwd><kwd>полярность</kwd><kwd>эффективная мощность</kwd><kwd>калориметрирование</kwd><kwd>напряженность поля</kwd><kwd>теплосодержание плазмы</kwd><kwd>давление дуги</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grinyuk A.A., Korzhik V.E., Shevchenko E.N., Babich A.A., Peleshenko S.I., Chayka V.G., Tishchenko A.F., Kovbasenko G.V. Main tendencies in development of plasma-arc welding of aluminum alloys. Automatic Welding, 2015, no. 11, pp. 39–50. 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