Frontier Materials & TechnologiesFrontier Materials & TechnologiesFrontier Materials & Technologies2782-40392782-6074Togliatti State University123610.18323/2782-4039-2026-2-76-6ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleTribological characteristics of CrTiZrNbHf and CuCrMnFeCoNi high-entropy coatings over a wide temperature rangeТрибологические характеристики высокоэнтропийных покрытий CrTiZrNbHf и CuCrMnFeCoNi в широком диапазоне температурhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-4633-5013PolitykoKirill N.ПолитыкоКирилл Николаевич
Russian Federation

postgraduate student, junior researcher of Chair of Theoretical mechanics and of laboratory of transport, composite materials and structures

аспирант, младший научный сотрудник кафедры «Теоретическая механика» и лаборатории транспорта, композиционных материалов и конструкций

politykokirill@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3265-0871KolesnikovIgor V.КолесниковИгорь Владимирович
Russian Federation

Doctor of Sciences (Engineering),Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences,assistant professor of Chair of Theoretical mechanics

доктор технических наук, член-корреспондент РАН,доцент кафедры «Теоретическая механика».

ivkolesnikov@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9487-0423BelyakOlga A.БелякОльга Александровна
Russian Federation

Doctor of Sciences (Physics and Mathematics), professor of Chair of Theoretical mechanics, leading researcher of Chair of Theoretical mechanics, chief researcher, Head of laboratory of transport, composite materials and structures.

доктор физико-математических наук, профессор кафедры и ведущий научный сотрудник кафедры «Теоретическая механика», главный научный сотрудник,заведующий лабораторией транспорта, композиционных материалов и конструкций

o_bels@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-6997ManturovDmitry S.МантуровДмитрий Сергеевич
Russian Federation

PhD (Engineering),Head of laboratory of Chair of Theoretical mechanics

кандидат технических наук, заведующий лабораторией кафедры «Теоретическая механика»

manturovds@rgups.ruAzoyanAnaid I.ИосиповнаАзоян Анаид
Russian Federation

PhD (Engineering), Associate Professor, researcher of Chair of Theoretical mechanics

кандидат технических наук, доцент, научный сотрудник кафедры «Теоретическая механика»

azojan.anaid@mail.ruAnikinaElena D.АникинаЕлена Дмитриевна
Russian Federation

postgraduate student,junior researcher of Chair of Theoretical mechanicsand of laboratory of transport, composite materials and structures

аспирант,младший научный сотрудник кафедры «Теоретическая механика»и лаборатории транспорта, композиционных материалов и конструкций

al.anikina2002@mail.ruRostov State Transport UniversityРостовский государственный университет путей сообщенияFederal research center Southern scientific center of the Russian Academy of SciencesФедеральный исследовательский центр Южный научный центр РАНRostov state transport universityРостовский государственный университет путей сообщенияRostov state transport university,Ростовский государственный университет путей сообщения,Federal research center Southern Scientific center of the Russian Academy of Sciences,Федеральный исследовательский центр Южный научный центр РАН300620262Frontier Materials & TechnologiesFrontier Materials & Technologies65783006202630062026Copyright ©; 2026, Polityko K.N., Kolesnikov I.V., Belyak O.A., Manturov D.S., Azoyan A.I., Anikina E.D.Copyright ©; 2026, Политыко К.Н., Колесников И.В., Беляк О.А., Мантуров Д.С., Иосиповна А.А., Аникина Е.Д.2026Polityko K.N., Kolesnikov I.V., Belyak O.A., Manturov D.S., Azoyan A.I., Anikina E.D.Политыко К.Н., Колесников И.В., Беляк О.А., Мантуров Д.С., Иосиповна А.А., Аникина Е.Д.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/1236

Abstract: Problem. Despite the potential of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) as protective coatings under extreme friction conditions, there is insufficient data on the comparative physical-mechanical and tribological properties of CrTiZrNbHf (cathodic arc evaporation) and CuCrMnFeCoNi (magnetron sputtering) coatings on steel substrates at temperatures of −60, 25, and 150 °C, which complicates the selection of the optimal deposition method and coating composition. Aim. To evaluate the tribological behavior (coefficient of friction, wear resistance) and physical-mechanical properties of coatings based on CrTiZrNbHf and CuCrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloys deposited by cathodic arc evaporation and magnetron sputtering at temperatures of −60, 25, and 150 °C, in order to identify the optimal method and composition with the highest wear resistance and minimal friction. Methods. Coatings were deposited onto a substrate made of 40KhN2MA structural low-alloy steel using a BRV600 vacuum unit by cathodic arc evaporation (CrTiZrNbHf) and magnetron sputtering (CuCrMnFeCoNi). For the CrTiZrNbHf coating, a number of variable parameters were used: reference voltage (US), pressure in the vacuum chamber, argon flow to the chamber, and deposition time. Coating thickness, structure, and composition were determined using a Zeiss EVA MA 18 electron microscope. Based on the determined chemical composition of coatings, the mixing entropy DSmix was calculated. Physical-mechanical properties were studied using a Nanotest 600 measuring platform. Tribological characteristics of specimens at −60, 25, and 150 °C were evaluated using the ball-on-disk test method on a specially developed tribometer. The wear crater profile was measured using a Zygo NewView 600 optical profilometer. Conclusions. The CuCrMnFeCoNi coating deposited by magnetron sputtering exhibits superior tribological characteristics compared to CrTiZrNbHf at temperatures of −60, 25, and 150 °C. In particular, the CuCrMnFeCoNi coating demonstrates enhanced stability of the coefficient of friction (μ) and reduced wear intensity (J). For CrTiZrNbHf, optimal mechanical properties are achieved at a substrate reference voltage of US = 105…115 V. Both materials are recommended for friction components, effectively overcoming the strength-ductility trade-off through optimized PVD process parameters.

Аннотация: Проблема. Несмотря на перспективы высокоэнтропийных сплавов (ВЭС) в виде защитных покрытий в экстремальных условиях трения, недостаточно данных о сравнительных физико-механических и трибологических свойствах покрытий CrTiZrNbHf (катодно-дуговое испарение) и CuCrMnFeCoNi (магнетронное напыление) на стальных подложках при температуре −60, 25 и 150 °C, что затрудняет выбор оптимального метода нанесения, состава покрытий. Цель. Оценить трибологическое поведение (коэффициент трения, износостойкость) и физико-механические свойства покрытий на основе высокоэнтропийных сплавов CrTiZrNbHf и CuCrMnFeCoNi, полученных катодно-дуговым и магнетронным напылением, при температуре −60, 25 и 150 °C, для выявления оптимального метода и состава с наивысшей износостойкостью и минимальным трением. Методы. Покрытия осаждались на подложку из конструкционной низколегированной стали 40ХН2МА в вакуумной установке BRV600 катодно-дуговым методом (CrTiZrNbHf) и магнетронным методом (CuCrMnFeCoNi). Для покрытия CrTiZrNbHf принят ряд варьируемых параметров: опорное напряжение (US); давление в вакуумной камере; подача аргона в камеру; временя нанесения. Определение толщины, структуры, состава покрытия осуществлялось с помощью электронного микроскопа Zeiss EVA MA 18. По результатам установленного химического состава покрытий была рассчитана энтропия смешения DSmix. Исследование физико-механических свойств осуществлялось на измерительной платформе «Nanotest 600». Оценка трибологических характеристик образцов при −60, 25 и 150 °C осуществлялась методом испытания «шар – диск» на разработанном трибометре. Профиль лунки износа определяли при помощи оптического профилометра Zygo NewView 600. Выводы. Покрытие CuCrMnFeCoNi, нанесенное методом магнетронного распыления, обладает превосходными трибологическими характеристиками по сравнению с CrTiZrNbHf при температуре −60, 25 и 150 °C. В частности, покрытие CuCrMnFeCoNi демонстрирует повышенную стабильность коэффициента трения (μ) и снижение интенсивности износа (J). Для CrTiZrNbHf оптимальные механические свойства достигаются при опорном напряжении подложки US = 105…115 В. Оба материала рекомендованы для узлов трения, эффективно преодолевая компромисс между прочностью и пластичностью за счет оптимизированных PVD-режимов.

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