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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-4039</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-6074</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Togliatti State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1180</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18323/2782-4039-2026-1-75-2</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The effect of aging at 700 °C on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-nitrogen austenitic steel</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние старения при 700 °C на микроструктуру и механические свойства высокоазотистой аустенитной стали</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3754-9473</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ким</surname><given-names>Анна Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>research engineer,postgraduate student of Chair of Metal Physics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер-исследователь,аспирант кафедры физики металлов</p></bio><email>kim.a.v@ispms.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9076-5469</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Polekhina</surname><given-names>Nadezhda A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полехина</surname><given-names>Надежда Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Physics and Mathematics),senior researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат физико-математических наук,старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>nap@ispms.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2078-4194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akkuzin</surname><given-names>Sergey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аккузин</surname><given-names>Сергей Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>junior researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>nap@ispms.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5892-3719</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litovchenko</surname><given-names>Igor Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литовченко</surname><given-names>Игорь Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor, chief researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор физико-математических наук, доцент,главный научный сотрудник.</p></bio><email>s.akkuzin@ispms.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science,&#13;
Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физики прочности и материаловедения им. В.Е. Панина СО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Tomsk State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-31"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-31"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Kim A.V., Polekhina N.A., Akkuzin S.A., Litovchenko I.Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Ким А.В., Полехина Н.А., Аккузин С.А., Литовченко И.Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kim A.V., Polekhina N.A., Akkuzin S.A., Litovchenko I.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ким А.В., Полехина Н.А., Аккузин С.А., Литовченко И.Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/1180">https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/1180</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Problem.</bold> Prolonged annealing of high-nitrogen austenitic steels leads to the precipitation of secondary phases, which significantly affects the structure and properties of the material. However, the nature of phase precipitates and their influence on the mechanical properties of VNS-53-Sh steel have been insufficiently studied. <bold>Aim.</bold> The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of long-term annealing at 700 °C on the microstructure and mechanical properties of VNS53-Sh high-nitrogen austenitic steel and to determine the phase composition and characteristics of the formed secondary phases. <bold>Methods.</bold> VNS-53-Sh steel samples were subjected to annealing at 700 °C for 100 hours. Microstructural investigation was carried out using optical metallography, scanning and transmission electron microscopy with a quantitative assessment of the secondary phase fraction. Mechanical properties were determined by uniaxial tensile testing followed by analysis of changes in strength and ductility characteristics. <bold>Results.</bold> After annealing, grain-boundary and intragranular precipitates of M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub>-type carbides were revealed, formed by the discontinuous austenite decomposition mechanism. Estimates of the area occupied by carbides give values of less than 5 %. Meanwhile, the proportion of a pearlite-like structure represented by lamellar particles and a chromium-depleted matrix is approximately 23 %. The yield strength decreases by 111 MPa, the ultimate tensile strength – by 62 MPa, and the relative elongation increases by about 7 %. <bold>Conclusions.</bold> Long-term annealing of VNS-53-Sh steel at 700 °C leads to the formation of M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> carbide precipitates and partial relaxation of the dislocation structure, which is accompanied by a moderate reduction in strength properties while simultaneously increasing the ductility of the material.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Проблема.</bold> Длительный отжиг высокоазотистых аустенитных сталей приводит к выделению вторичных фаз, существенно влияющих на структуру и свойства материала. Однако характер фазовых выделений и их влияние на механические свойства для стали ВНС-53-Ш изучены недостаточно. <bold>Цель.</bold> Цель работы – исследование влияния длительного отжига при 700 °C на микроструктуру и механические свойства высокоазотистой аустенитной стали ВНС-53-Ш и установление фазового состава и особенностей формирующихся вторичных фаз. <bold>Методы.</bold> Образцы стали ВНС-53-Ш подвергались отжигу при 700 °C в течение 100 ч. Исследование микроструктуры проводилось методами оптической металлографии, растровой и просвечивающей электронной микроскопии с количественной оценкой доли вторичных фаз. Механические свойства определялись методом одноосного растяжения с последующим анализом изменений прочностных и пластических характеристик. <bold>Результаты.</bold> После отжига выявлены зернограничные и внутризеренные выделения карбидов типа M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub>, формирующиеся по механизму прерывистого распада аустенита. Оценки площади, занятой карбидами, дают значения менее 5 %. При этом доля перлитоподобной структуры, представленной ламелями частиц и обедненной по хрому матрицей, составляет примерно 23 %. Предел текучести уменьшается на 111 МПа, предел прочности – на 62 МПа, а относительное удлинение увеличивается примерно на 7 %. <bold>Выводы.</bold> Длительный отжиг стали ВНС-53-Ш при 700 °C приводит к формированию карбидных выделений M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> и частичной релаксации дислокационной структуры, что сопровождается умеренным снижением прочностных характеристик при одновременном повышении пластичности материала.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>high-nitrogen austenitic steels</kwd><kwd>aging</kwd><kwd>precipitation of dispersed phases</kwd><kwd>M23C6 carbides</kwd><kwd>transmission electron microscopy</kwd><kwd>mechanical properties</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>высокоазотистые аустенитные стали</kwd><kwd>старение</kwd><kwd>выделение дисперсных фаз</kwd><kwd>карбиды M23C6</kwd><kwd>просвечивающая электронная микроскопия</kwd><kwd>механические свойства</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the state assignment of the Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPMS SB RAS), project No. FWRW-2026-0005. The authors express their gratitude to D.S. Kushnereva (Research Institute of Metallurgical Technology, Izhevsk) for providing the steel samples. Mechanical tests and structural studies were performed using the equipment of the “Nanotech” Shared Research Center of the ISPMS SB RAS.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках Государственного задания ИФПМ СО РАН, проект № FWRW-2026-0005. Авторы выражают благодарность Кушнеревой Д.С. (НИИ Металлургической технологии, г. Ижевск) за предоставленные образцы стали. Механические испытания и структурные исследования проводились на оборудовании ЦКП «Нанотех» ИФПМ СО РАН.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Svyazhin A., Kaputkina L., Smarygina I., Kaputkin D. Nitrogen Steels and High-Nitrogen Steels: Industrial Technologies and Properties. 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