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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-4039</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-6074</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Togliatti State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1055</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18323/2782-4039-2025-2-72-1</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The influence of pulse current on drop transfer during double-electrode gas surfacing</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние импульсного тока на каплеперенос при двухэлектродной наплавке в газах</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4965-8028</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Elsukov</surname><given-names>Sergey K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елсуков</surname><given-names>Сергей Константинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Engineering), assistant professor of Chair “Welding Production Equipment and Technology”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Оборудование и технология сварочного производства»</p></bio><email>serzh.elsukov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9912-2598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zorin</surname><given-names>Ilya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зорин</surname><given-names>Илья Васильевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Associate Professor, professor of Chair “Welding Production Equipment and Technology”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры «Оборудование и технология сварочного производства»</p></bio><email>zorin.iv@vstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesin</surname><given-names>Dmitry S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Несин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><email>nesdmiser2000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Volgograd State Technical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Волгоградский государственный технический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-30"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Elsukov S.K., Zorin I.V., Nesin D.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Елсуков С.К., Зорин И.В., Несин Д.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Elsukov S.K., Zorin I.V., Nesin D.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Елсуков С.К., Зорин И.В., Несин Д.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/1055">https://vektornaukitech.ru/jour/article/view/1055</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The application of a circuit with a common pulse current source for surfacing with two electrode wires increases the energy efficiency of the arc process and the welding arc technological properties, but requires a more detailed study of the influence of the mode parameters on its stability. In this regard, this paper focuses on studying the dynamics of formation and transfer of metal drops under various modes of pulsed power supply of the welding arc. Using high-speed video filming of the welding arc and synchronized recording of current and voltage signals, a mode was set (average current value was 250 A, maximum current value in pulse was 600 A, arc voltage was ~30 V), which ensured a stable process of transfer of electrode metal by a drop common to two wires without short circuits. It was found that the common drop under the action of electrodynamic forces acquires centripetal acceleration, which contributes to its directed transfer to the weld pool and allows minimizing the amount of spatter on the surface of the base metal. Using mathematical modeling, the nature of the interaction of welding arcs on two wires was confirmed and it was found that even at the stage of the current pulse “hot” phase (600 A, <italic>t</italic>=0.8 s), the arc pressure on the plate surface is less than when welding with one wire at direct current. The identified effect is associated with a change in the direction of the plasma flow to perpendicular to the wire axis due to an increase in the electrodynamic attractive force of the magnetic fields around the two wire conductors. Together with a decrease in the arc temperature and pressure on the plate surface during the “heat input control” phase of the current pulse (180 A, <italic>t</italic>=1.4 s), this should help to reduce the heat input and the depth of penetration of the base metal, and, consequently, reduce the degree of dilution of the deposited alloy by the substrate metal. The latter is especially relevant when solving problems of creating a technology for surfacing of relatively thin layers of corrosion-resistant alloys, in particular, on the surface of petrochemical equipment products.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Применение для наплавки двумя электродными проволоками схемы с общим источником импульсного тока повышает энергоэффективность дугового процесса и технологические свойства сварочной дуги, но требует более детального изучения влияния параметров режима на ее стабильность. В связи с этим в данной работе основное внимание уделено изучению динамики формирования и переноса металлических капель при различных режимах импульсного питания сварочной дуги. С использованием скоростной видеосъемки сварочной дуги и синхронизированной записи сигналов тока и напряжения установлен режим (среднее значение тока 250 А, максимальное в импульсе 600 А, напряжение на дуге ~30 В), который обеспечивает стабильный процесс переноса электродного металла общей для двух проволок каплей без образования коротких замыканий. Обнаружено, что общая капля под действием электродинамических сил приобретает центростремительное ускорение, что способствует ее направленному переносу в сварочную ванну и позволяет максимально снизить количество брызг на поверхности основного металла. С использованием математического моделирования был подтвержден характер взаимодействия сварочных дуг на двух проволоках и установлено, что даже на стадии «горячей» фазы импульса тока (600 А,<italic> </italic><italic>t</italic>=0,8 с) давление дуги на поверхность пластины меньше, чем при сварке одной проволокой на постоянном токе. Выявленный эффект связан с изменением направления плазменного потока на перпендикулярное к оси проволоки вследствие увеличения электродинамической силы притяжения магнитных полей вокруг двух проволочных проводников. В совокупности со снижением температуры дуги и давления на поверхность пластины в фазе «контроля тепловложения» импульса тока (180 А, <italic>t</italic>=1,4 с) это должно способствовать уменьшению тепловложения и глубины проплавления основного металла, а следовательно, уменьшить степень разбавления наплавляемого сплава металлом подложки. Последнее особенно востребовано при решении задач по созданию технологии наплавки относительно тонких слоев из коррозионностойких сплавов, в частности, на поверхности изделий нефтехимического оборудования.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>double-electrode surfacing</kwd><kwd>pulse-arc process</kwd><kwd>welding arc</kwd><kwd>drop transfer</kwd><kwd>numerical simulation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>двухэлектродная наплавка</kwd><kwd>импульсно-дуговой процесс</kwd><kwd>сварочная дуга</kwd><kwd>каплеперенос</kwd><kwd>численное моделирование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-23-20068 (https://rscf.ru/project/24-23-20068/) и гранта Администрации Волгоградской области по соглашению № 7 от 31.05.2024.</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 24-23-20068 (https://rscf.ru/project/24-23-20068/) and the Volgograd Region Administration grant under agreement No. 7 dated May 31, 2024.</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 24-23-20068 (https://rscf.ru/project/24-23-20068/) and the Volgograd Region Administration grant under agreement No. 7 dated May 31, 2024.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-23-20068 (https://rscf.ru/project/24-23-20068/) и гранта Администрации Волгоградской области по соглашению № 7 от 31.05.2024.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malinovska E., Pavelka V. 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