Determination of the phase composition of a carbon steel – austenitic stainless steel bimetallic joint based on magnetic properties

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Abstract

Modern industrial technologies place high demands on materials used in aggressive environments, high mechanical loads, and long-term service. One of the effective solutions to this problem is the creation of bimetallic joints that combine the advantages of dissimilar materials. In particular, the combination of carbon steels possessing high strength and availability with austenitic stainless steels characterized by high corrosion resistance and ductility allows producing composite materials with optimal performance characteristics. This paper examines a bimetallic material produced by arc surfacing of Er308LSi austenitic stainless steel wire on St3 carbon steel. The main objective was to determine the feasibility of using magnetic nondestructive testing methods to assess the phase composition of the bimetallic joint, including taking into account its possible changes after deformation. Metallographic and X-ray diffraction studies of the resulting material were conducted. Step-by-step plastic deformation tests were performed on samples cut from different parts of the resulting material. After each step of plastic deformation (in the unloaded state), magnetic hysteresis loops of the tested samples were measured. It was found that the use of existing approaches for estimating the martensite phase content based on magnetic properties is difficult. This is due to the complex structural and phase composition of the studied material manifested by the presence of a second peak of differential magnetic permeability for ferrite in St3 steel, the presence of ferrite in the upper deposited austenitic layers, and martensite in the first layer. The authors proposed a parameter based on the asymmetry of the difference in the field dependences of differential magnetic permeability. This parameter has a clear correlation with the magnitude of plastic deformation and, consequently, with the content of deformation martensite.

About the authors

Matvey V. Lapin

Institute of Engineering Science of the Ural Branch of RAS

Author for correspondence.
Email: lapin@imach.uran.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-0858-5744

research assistant

Russian Federation, 620049, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Komsomolskaya Street, 34

Aleksandr N. Mushnikov

Institute of Engineering Science of the Ural Branch of RAS

Email: mushnikov@imach.uran.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7073-6476

PhD (Engineering), Head of Laboratory

Russian Federation, 620049, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Komsomolskaya Street, 34

Anna M. Povolotskaya

Institute of Engineering Science of the Ural Branch of RAS;
M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Branch of RAS

Email: anna.povolotskaya.68@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8301-5069

PhD (Engineering), senior researcher

Russian Federation, 620049, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Komsomolskaya Street, 34; 620108, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Sofya Kovalevskaya Street, 18.

Natalya A. Davydova

Institute of Engineering Science of the Ural Branch of RAS

Email: davydova@imacuran.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4894-9445

PhD (Engineering), researcher

Russian Federation, 620049, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Komsomolskaya Street, 34

Larisa S. Goruleva

Institute of Engineering Science of the Ural Branch of RAS

Email: sherlarisa@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8635-5213

lead engineer

Russian Federation, 620049, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Komsomolskaya Street, 34

Natalia N. Soboleva

Institute of Engineering Science of the Ural Branch of RAS

Email: natashasoboleva@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7598-2980

PhD (Engineering), Head of sector

Russian Federation, 620049, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Komsomolskaya Street, 34

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Copyright (c) 2025 Lapin M.V., Mushnikov A.N., Povolotskaya A.M., Davydova N.A., Goruleva L.S., Soboleva N.N.

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